Natural Urease Inhibitors Reduce the Severity of Disease Symptoms, Dependent on the Lifestyle of the Pathogens

The development of new anti-ureolytic compounds is great interest due to the newly discovered role urease inhibitors in crop protection. Purine degradation and generation ammonium by are required for full virulence biotrophic hemibiotrophic fungal plant pathogens. Accordingly, chemicals displaying inhibitor activity may be used as a novel class fungicides. Several belonging different chemical classes known, some have been developed urea fertilizer additives. We tested whether natural p-benzoquinone (p-HQ) hydroquinone (HQ), well synthetic isopropoxy carbonyl phosphoric acid amide (iCPAA), benzyloxy (bCPAA), dipropyl-hexamino-1,3 diphosphazenium chloride (DDC), prevent or delay infection caused pathogens differing lifestyles host plants. p-BQ, HQ, DCC not only protected maize from hemibiotroph C. graminicola, but also inhibited process biotrophs such wheat powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici broad bean rust Uromyces viciae-fabae. Interestingly, quinone-based even reduced symptom severity necrotrophic fungi, i.e., grey mold pathogen B. cinerea Southern Leaf Spot heterostrophus, extent. interfered with appressorial penetration confirmed appropriateness fungicidal agents.